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AP MacroeconomicsMoney & Monetary Policy

Contractionary Monetary Policy

Contractionary monetary policy decreases the money supply to raise interest rates and reduce inflation.

The central bank sells bonds, raises the discount rate, or increases the reserve requirement. Higher interest rates reduce investment and consumption, shifting aggregate demand left. It is used to fight high inflation.

Formula / Example

Sell bonds → ↓ money supply → ↑ interest rate → ↓ investment → ↓ AD.

Related terms

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